The Black Death Changed Europe - 1064 Words

Jalen Josey Mrs. Feagley Honors English 9 7 April 2015 The Black Death The Black Death changed Europe (and the entire world) in ways we can still observe today from a historical, societal, cultural, and medical standpoint. The Black Death was a very deadly outbreak of plague. Plague is a very deadly bacterial disease. It has been a recurring force that has wiped out much of the world’s population during it’s outbreaks. The bacteria that is responsible for one of history’s most deadly diseases is Yersinia pestis. Yersinia pestis first infectes a rat. The rat is then the host for a flea. The flea feeds on the blood of the rat which is infected by the bacteria. For a reason still unknown today the bacteria started multiplying in the flea blocking it s stomach. This caused the flea to throw up the infected rats blood into the human when it feeds on it. Thomas Malthus, a British economist, wrote in his An Essay on the Principle of Population that three things could keep the human population in check. He said war, famine, and disease were these three things. So far in history The Black Death has been the only thing to put a dent in the human population s exponential growth. That means that in World War Two, which killed over 60 million people which is about three percent of the world’s population in 1939, did not stop the growth of the population at all. The Black Death has changed the world in more ways than we can understand. The human population has a carrying capacity. TheShow MoreRelatedWhat Effects Did The Black Death Changed Europe1408 Words   |  6 PagesThe Death Plague That changed Europe In 1348, a plague arrived that caused severe damage in many countries in Europe. The plague made a significant impact on the country, and it ending up killing fifty million people, which was sixty percent of Europe’s entire population (Slack 432). All of the deaths from the Black plaque it caused many different social and economic effects in Europe. Along with devastating effect, there were positive, social and economic changes resulting from the Black death includingRead MoreThe Black Death : A Disastrous Mortal Disease And Spread Across Europe1373 Words   |  6 PagesThe Black Death, so named by later historians, was a disastrous mortal disease and spread across Europe in the years 1347~1352(Hunt 416). The Black Death, now known as plague, is caused by the bacterium, Yersinia pestis. When humans are bitten by a rodent flea, humans usually get the plaque (Plague Homepage | CDC). Nowadays, the plague can be treated by antibiotics easily. However, in the middle of the 14th ce ntury, no one knew what caused the disease, and how the disease was transmitted to othersRead MoreThe Black Of Black Death939 Words   |  4 Pageshistory few events seem as cataclysmic as the Black Death. The Black Death was actually one of the most deadly pandemics in human history. This awful pandemics most devastating time in Europe was between 1348 and 1350. According to some estimates it wiped out at least two-thirds of Europe’s population. A Malmesbury monk from Wiltshire wrote that, â€Å"Over England as a whole a fifth og men, women and children were carried to the grave.† (James â€Å"Black Death: The lasting impact†) Many epidemiologists stillRead Morehow did black death transformed Europe898 Words   |  4 Pages How did the Black Death transform Europe? The Black Death was one of the most devastating diseases in human history. In October 1347 twelve Genoese ships came to the Sicilian port of Messina. In the following three hundred years, one-third of the European population had died due to the Black Death changing Europe significantly. Europe transformed in aspects of economy, society and religion. Massive death caused Landlords to have trouble both in finding enough manpower and collecting dues. MeanwhileRead MoreBlack Plague1589 Words   |  7 PagesThe Epidemic is Here The Black Plague, one of the most devastating out breaks in history, is an historical event brought about with a great depression throughout Europe. This plague brought out the worst in mankind during the time the plague ran its course. How do people behave, when there environment becomes life threatening? (Herlihy, 18). The Black Death accounted for nearly one third of the deaths in Europe. Due to the death of many people there were severe shortages in labors, duringRead MoreEffects Of The Black Death On The Economy930 Words   |  4 PagesThe Black Death or more commonly known as Bubonic Plague, decimated European society in the mid 14 century to the extent that it has not been seen since in human history. It not only killed fifty to sixty percent of the population, but it also brought huge changes to the people of Europe. The impact of the plague caused effects on the economy, society, family structure, public policy, health science, religion, philosophy and literature. I ts’ effects would last until the eighteenth century and beyondRead More The Black Death Essay579 Words   |  3 Pages The Black Death The Black Death, the most severe epidemic in human history, ravaged Europe from 1347-1351. This plague killed entire families at a time and destroyed at least 1,000 villages. Greatly contributing to the Crisis of the Fourteenth Century, the Black Death had many effects beyond its immediate symptoms. Not only did the Black Death take a devastating toll on human life, but it also played a major role in shaping European life in the years following. The Black Death consisted mainlyRead MoreThe Black Death Plague795 Words   |  3 PagesThe Black Death is one of the worst disease in ancient history. It was an epidemic that killed millions of people between 1349-1351.Many people suffered from lack of care and lack of remedy, also it became difficult to find a medical person to diagnose such a horrible disease. Boccaccio, Tura and Venette describe the physical and social effect of Europe when the Plague had begun. In this selection, they describe how people respond and changed their behaviors .People were so scared from Plague thereforeRead MoreEffects of the Black Death of the 1300s Essay examples682 Words   |  3 PagesThe Black Plague (also known as the Black Death or Bubonic Plague) of the 1300s is considered by many historians to be one of the most influential events in the history of Europe. Originating in Asia, the Black Plague has three forms; Bubonic which affects the lymph nodes, pneumonic which affects the lungs, and septicemia which affects the blood. Through examining the effects of the Plague on Europe and its people, it is clear that politics, social life, and economics were all irreparably thrownRead MoreThe Black Death : Annotated Bibliography1271 Words   |  6 Pages The Black Death Caleb Alexander World History Mrs. Johnson Oct, 10, 2014 The Black Death The Black Death was one of the most life-changing pandemics in history. It was first discovered 550 years later in the 1800s by Alexandre Yersin, a french biologist. In his honor, the plague was named Yersinia Pestis. The plague traveled in two major ways. Yersin discovered that it traveled by infected fleas; the flea would attempt to feed on a human or animal and would then regurgitate

Understanding Nourishes Belonging Free Essays

Understanding nourishes belonging. A lack of understanding prevents it. Belonging is not a solo act. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding Nourishes Belonging or any similar topic only for you Order Now For belonging to exist there must be some facilitation on the sides of two separate parties. Belonging hinges on how these parties create an understanding of each other. Many of Emily Dickinson’s poems reflected the difficulty which she experienced upon attempting to forge a connection with her society. Her personas in â€Å"My Letter to the World† and â€Å"I had been hungry all the years† both initially struggle with belonging to their society, and resolve these issues through establishing a sense of understanding; the former with her peers and the latter with herself. Similarly, the titular character in Shaun Tan’s acclaimed picture book, â€Å"The Lost Thing† finds itself alienated in a world that is dismissive of things it cannot understand. This lack of understanding stems from the society’s inability to reconcile with that which is different, and the â€Å"Lost Thing† ultimately must journey to a sanctuary where it is understood and accepted. The composers of each text underscore their ideas using powerful imagery, with symbols and metaphors common features of all three. Understanding facilitates the development of belonging, and this cannot occur unless individuals go out of their way to forge connections with the larger world. The persona in Dickinson’s â€Å"My Letter to the World† attempts to do this on a massive scale, addressing her â€Å"letter† – a metonymy for her entire body of work – to a world that is dismissive of her. The persona makes it clear that she is writing to a society that â€Å"never wrote to me†, which suggests feelings of isolation. These feelings are turned around upon the establishment of a connection with the persona’s countrymen based on the persona’s love of nature, which is personified and described here with a regal and majestic beauty. It is due to this love that she allows herself to ask them to â€Å"judge kindly of her†. The persona’s adoration of Nature is expressed clearly through the ardent description of â€Å"Her† in the fourth line. The juxtaposition of the words, â€Å"tender† and â€Å"majesty† is striking, and impresses upon readers a sense of both nature’s gentle beauty and its powerful reign throughout the world. Nature is a commonality between the persona and the society from which she feels alienated; thus, by penning this letter and reaching out, the persona discovers a way of belonging in her society facilitated by an understanding based on their mutual respect for nature. In another of Dickinson’s poems, she addresses the possibility that by pursuing an understanding of belonging, an individual can come to experience that feeling within their own self. The persona of â€Å"I had been hungry† expresses a hunger that has spanned years, a hunger symbolising the innate human need for belonging. Dickinson employs imagery associated with food and eating throughout the poem, in keeping with this extended metaphor. The persona is given the opportunity to â€Å"sample the plenty†. The persona’s hesitance and apprehension in doing so are evident, as she â€Å"trembling drew the table near†. The persona is bewildered by the â€Å"curious wine† and comes to discover that this particular type of belonging isn’t for her. This discovery is emphasised in the metaphor in the second stanza, â€Å"Like berry of a mountain bush/Transplanted to the road†. The juxtaposition of the berry, a thing of nature, and the man-made road signifies the jarring feeling the persona is experiencing. In the end, the persona finds that, â€Å"the entering takes away†. By engaging with the possibility of belonging, much like their counterpart in â€Å"My Letter to the World†, the persona conversely finds that it isn’t for her, and instead comes to the understanding that she was more comfortable in her own place. Lack of understanding, especially of things that are foreign to us, and how it acts as a barrier to belonging is a theme explored extensively in Shaun Tan’s â€Å"The Lost Thing†. A boy discovers a creature and takes it on a journey through the industrialised conglomerate that takes no heed of it. The â€Å"Lost Thing† is first discovered on a beach; its striking red shade and natural-looking shape instantly convey to the reader how out of place it is in respect to its rather colourless, angular surroundings. The confusion and uncertainty that the people who notice the â€Å"Thing† are epitomised in the narrator’s lines â€Å"It just sat there, looking out of place. I was baffled. † In the end, their search for the â€Å"Lost Thing’s† place, take them to a bizarre place, where all sorts of lost things have gathered. Far away from the wider society’s inability to comprehend the â€Å"Lost Thing’s† existence, here it can assimilate into a world where its features are far less likely to warrant particular notice. Throughout the book, a recurring visual motif appears in the form of a white, wavy arrow. It initially evades notice – much like the â€Å"Lost Thing† in its society – up until it becomes relevant to the story as a marker leading the two main characters to the world that the â€Å"Lost Thing† eventually finds a home in. Much like Dickinson’s persona’s, it is by making the attempt to find a place of belonging that the â€Å"Lost Thing† is able to navigate past a society that does not understand it into one that does. Society’s perceived indifference and its associated unwillingness or inability to understand play an integral role in the â€Å"My Letter to the World† persona’s perception of belonging. Whether this perception is the reality is not made clear; however, by playing on the insecurities of the persona this perception exacerbates her inability to belong. The persona makes it clear that she is alienated by the wider world through the line, â€Å"Her message is committed/To hands I cannot see†. As she is not privy to the contents of this letter, she is therefore not part of this understanding that is shared by the wider community. The idea that this is passed by hands that she cannot see is also significant; it gives the connotation that there is a barrier between the persona and the rest of the world, and until she bridges this barrier and shares in the understanding, she cannot belong. Through â€Å"My Letter to the World†, Dickinson expresses the idea that understanding is perhaps the key to belonging between individuals and groups. Similarly, in â€Å"The Lost Thing†, a lack of understanding gives way to the absence of belonging, and a desire on the part of the wider society to get rid of that which the misunderstanding originates from. The society of Tan’s book is unable to connect and interact with the objects they cannot accept into the drab surroundings of their day to day life. The society’s misguided attempts to categorise everything in their world is embodied in the â€Å"Federal Department of Odds and Ends†. Tan parodies government mottos by inventing one for his invented federal department, â€Å"sweepus underum carpetae†. The pseudo Latin suggests that the Department’s purpose is nothing more than to â€Å"sweep things under the rug†. An imperative, â€Å"Don’t Panic†, follows the question â€Å"finding that the order of day-to-day life is unexpectedly interrupted? on the Department’s advertisement, and is indicative of the entire society’s attitude to things that seem out of place. The Lost Thing’s invisibility in its society is highlighted by the small size with which it is depicted against the cityscape. On one of the last pages, Tan poses a series of illustrations in which it appears as though the view is panning out from a tram to a view of several, then of hundreds; this impre sses upon readers how easy it is to go unnoticed in the face of society’s lack of care and understanding. An understanding thus cannot be reached between the Lost Thing and its environment, prompting its search for one where this is possible. An understanding between individuals and groups is imperative to a sense of belonging. Both Dickinson’s poems and Tan’s picture book detail the struggles to belong that can transpire from a lack of understanding and also depict the happy reality that results from newfound understanding. How to cite Understanding Nourishes Belonging, Essay examples

Complexity and Measurement Scientific Progress †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Complexity and Measurement Scientific Progress. Answer: Introduction The main purpose of this particular report is to assert the various ways in which climate changes have predicted, affected and impacted a certain city in our country. The city of choice upon which report is analyzed is Pentagon in the USA. There are many climatic aspects that have led to certain impacts to the city of Pentagon. The climatic changes in this regard include wind, temperature, humidity, sea levels and changes in precipitation. This report will also indicate the social impacts associated to the above climatic changes and finally try to integrate the various regional considerations that include water supply, food supplies and movement of refugees from one region to another. For the purpose of the audience of this report and mo so the clarity, climate change refers typically as a change in global and regional climatic patterns associated to the various climatic components such as wind, humidity, temperature, altitude, seal level and changes in the precipitation levels. Pent agon city has a consistent increase in population for the last decade (Mathez Smerdon 2009). The climate of Pentagon is warm and sunny. The climate of a city or a region refers to its average weather. The average of all the worlds regional climates may be referred as earths climate. Other scholars define climate change as change in the average or typical weather of a city or region (Romm 2015). Climate changes also involves change in earths overall climate. For instance, a change in earths typical precipitation patterns and change in earths average temperature. Therefore, this report will be a case study in the future on how to control the effects of climatic changes on such similar cities. Therefore this report lays down a platform for solutions on climatic changes and also offers a space on further research relating to similar cases. Climatic changes affecting Pentagon city. Just like other cities in the USA, there are several climate change aspects that can used in this report. The ways in which climate change is predicted to impact upon the city will draw various recommendations on how to save the city. These climate change aspects include wind, temperature, humidity, Sea level and changes in precipitation. For the purpose of this report, precipitation refers to condition that occur when increase in temperature makes the air warmer thus increasing the evaporation of moisture from land to water into the atmosphere. Therefore as moisture increase, rain and snow are expected in form of a precipitation. From the recent years Pentagon experienced more precipitations than before due to climate changes that causes shifts in ocean and air currents thus changing weather patterns in the city. Changes in precipitation has a significant impact on climate of Pentagon. Under this section, we investigate precipitation impacts on the city based on population growth and the trends in precipitations. These two aspects have a statistical relationship. We found out there is a perfect positive correlation between precipitation changes and population growth in the city. Thus, population growth in the city has a perfect positive correlation with precipitation trend (Maslin 2014). During summer quarters when s mall-scale convection activities are dominant, the positive correlation tend to rise and has been demonstrated not once but times without numbers that correlation tend to rise significantly when city stations are excluded. Therefore, the discussion relationship is nonlinear between precipitation and impact on the city. The prediction on the impact of changes in precipitation on Pentagon city is that precipitation is expected to increase due to higher latitudes. Therefore pentagon city will become wetter. In this case, too much water can be a major problem. Although a lot of people depend on snowmelt and rain in filling streams and lakes, provision of water for watering crops, drinking and other utilities, it is important to note that heavy rains causes flooding that have a set of negative impacts (Klein 2015). In summary, the major impacts of changing snow patterns and rain on people and environment surrounding Pentagon city will be effect on agriculture, water supplies, forests, recreation facilities, energy, plants, animals and the entire ecosystems. The impact of sea level on pentagon will depend on whether it is an increase or decrease on sea levels. However, we found out that Pentagon has experienced an increase in sea level over the last two decades. It is important to note that primarily, sea level tend to rise due to two major aspects related to global warming (King 2017). The two factors are one, the glaciers and wide expansion of sea waters as it warms and two, the water added from melting ice sheets and glaciers. For the purpose of the audience of this report, sea level can be typically defined as increase or decrease in water volumes in the earths oceans that results to rise or decrease in global mean sea level respectively. Pentagon city has an increase in sea level and this has certain predictive impacts on the people and the environment surrounding the city (Schuetz 2016). The predictive impact on rise in sea level on the city is that the sea level is rising and thus creates a problem. Due to increase in sea levels, Pentagon city is on the higher scale of risk of being flooded and being destroyed. This is due to increase in the sea levels that makes the land to sink (Dodds 2014). There are various isostatic rebounds that affect the city which tend to rise above the normal sea level. This also led to erosion at concerning rates (Incropera 2015). Increase in sea level will bring destruction of the city since it is located on east coast of the USA. This lowers the supply of water and food to the residents of the city in the long run. Geographically, humidity refers to the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. There is a perfect positive correlation between humidity and pollution in the sense that, there is relative low humidity in cities with low level of pollution and a relative high humidity in cities with high level of pollution (Steger 2013). Pentagon as a city has a low level of pollution due to the acute measures that have been impacted by government and the residents. When the air become warmer, their capacity to hold moisture increases proportionately (Chang 2007). That why many cities tend to be warmer as compared to the rural areas. The impact of humidity on the city can be positive or negative. The important part is that the relative humidity provide a cohesive weather condition for people to work from. However, due to increasing population in the city, the level of humidity is expected to rise. Higher level of humidity has adverse effects on human beings. Is actually lower the effectiveness of swea ting that bring body cooling. This is brought by reduced rate of evaporation of body moisture from the skin. This effected has been calculated by experts in scales called humidex and heat index (Boit Carter 2015). Finally, humidity also affects the energy budget that in return affect temperatures. This causes the greenhouse effect. This will limit the movement of refugees due to the assumption that increase in population increases pollution which finally increase humidity. Geographically, wind can be defined as moving air. The impact of wind on cities can be devastating especially where very strong tides of moving air are blown in huge scales. Pentagon city has many skyscrapers that can have negative implication of strong wind. Therefore, the knowledge of wind climate in such cities has a huge application (Bloombery Pope 2017). Strong winds can cause huge destruction of tall building that can cause loss of property and lives. This strong winds causes the impairment of listening in the cities with huge population. The other effect wind to cities is the transmission of toxic gaseous which have been emitted. This affect human activities in the city and may cause diseases association to air pollution in the cities (Schuetz 2016). Pentagon city may face problem associated to disasters caused by wind. Food and water supply may be affected as a result. Temperature has major effects on cities. Extreme temperatures has effects table water surface. This lower supply of water in the city. In the recent times temperature caused low food supply due to drought. It is estimated that by 2050, urban surface areas are expected to expand in Pentagon by three times (Allen 2011). There is less evaporation when the sun lowers and this makes green roofs fail to cool. The world global temperature on earth are increasing by 0.8 degree (Schmidt 2008). Therefore the impact on the city is that, temperature will make the city to undergo change in the global warming. However, optimum temperature changes are better in the development of cities because many tourists visit the city during winter at their place of residence. Social impact of climate changes in the city. Lowers the movement of refuges from one region to another so as to avoid challenges associated to overpopulation. This may lower the supply of food and water to the residents of the city. Strong wind may bring the destruction of skyscrapers that may cause destruction of property and loss of lives. Extreme temperatures lowers the water table that minimize the amount of rains in the region thus affecting the food and water supply. Conclusion In conclusion, it is important for all the stakeholders to check the effects of the various climatic changes in the cities so also to set the various mechanisms to lower the negative impacts and embrace positive impacts. Finally, this report provide a platform for further study probably the predictive impacts of climate changes to the rural areas. References Allen, RC 2011, Global Economic History: A Very Short Introduction, OUP Oxford. Bloombery, M Pope, C 2017, Climate of Hope: How Cities, Businesses, and Citizens Can Save the Planet, St. Martin Press. Boit, A Carter, R 2015, climate change: The Facts, Stockade Books. Chang, H 2007, Inventing Temperature: Measurement and Scientific Progress, Oxford University Press. Dodds, K 2014, Geopolitics: A Very Short Introduction 2/e, OUP Oxford. Incropera, FP 2015, Climate Change: A Wicked Problem: Complexity and Uncertainty at the Intersection of Science, Economics, Politics and Human Behavior, Cambridge University Press. King, SD 2017, Grave New World: the End of Globalization, the Return of History, Yale University Press. Klein, N 2015, this Change Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate, Penguin. Maslin, M 2014, Climate Change: A very short introduction 3/e, OUP Oxford. Maslin, M 2008, Global Warming: A very Short Introduction, OUP Oxford. Mathez, E Smerdon, J 2009, Climate Change: the Science of Global Warming and Our Energy Future, Columbia University Press. Romm, J 2015, Climate Change: What Every One Need to Know, Oxford University Press. Schmidt, G 2008, Climate Change Picturing the Science, W.W.Norton Company. Schuetz, K 2016, Humidity, Bellwether Media. Steger, M 2013, Globalization: A Very Short Introduction 3/e, OUP Oxford.